This activity can form the basis for a group discussion where children look at how dyes and colours in pens and sweets are made. Alternatively, the resource can be used to generate questions and discussions around the topics of light, or dissolving and reversible changes. You will notice that the paper absorbs the water and it rises up the chromatography paper past the spots of food colouring. When the water reaches the spots, the pigments will dissolve in the water and move up the paper. You might like to add spots of some pure coloured pigments alongside it, so that you can see if they are present in the mixture. Draw a horizontal line with a pencil and ruler about 1 cm above the bottom of a piece of chromatography paper.

When talking about electromagnetic waves, we can refer either to wavelength or to frequency - the two values are interconverted using the simple expression:This makes revising groups and elements a fun an engaging task, as well as helping tie it into Christmas Jumper Day with a festive twist. Place a small spot of the coloured mixture you are investigating onto the pencil line and allow it to dry. This happens because some pigments are more soluble than others. The more soluble the pigment is, the longer it stays dissolved in the water and the further it travels up the paper. newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\) Here is the key to molecular spectroscopy: a given molecule will specifically absorb only those wavelengths which have energies that correspond to the energy difference of the transition that is occurring. Thus, if the transition involves the molecule jumping from ground state A to excited state B, with an energy difference of ΔE, the molecule will specifically absorb radiation with wavelength that corresponds to ΔE, while allowing other wavelengths to pass through unabsorbed.

Celebrate Save the Childrens' Christmas Jumper Day with this Christmas Colour by Symbols: Elements activity Students are tasked with using the periodic table to find out which group each element is in, which acts as a key for the colours. Drawing conclusions and raising further questions that could be investigated, based on their data and observations. Or for some more science word fun, you could try this Science Word Unscramble activity. Can your child work out which word has been scrambled up? This task is great for developing your kid’s problem-solving skills! What is mindfulness?Follow these steps to try out standard chromatography. You will need: a pencil, a ruler, a piece of paper, a coloured mixture such as a food dye. Just like ocean waves, electromagnetic waves travel in a defined direction. While the speed of ocean waves can vary, however, the speed of electromagnetic waves – commonly referred to as the speed of light – is essentially a constant, approximately 300 million meters per second. This is true whether we are talking about gamma radiation or visible light. Obviously, there is a big difference between these two types of waves – we are surrounded by the latter for more than half of our time on earth, whereas we hopefully never become exposed to the former to any significant degree. The different properties of the various types of electromagnetic radiation are due to differences in their wavelengths, and the corresponding differences in their energies: shorter wavelengths correspond to higher energy. Put some water into your beaker just deep enough that the very end of the paper goes into the water. Choose a stencil pattern and colour-in the dots using a selection of colours, or design your own using a series of dots.